Sharding is a popular scaling solution for Layer 1 blockchains to achieve higher throughput.
Sharding is simply a technique which divides the blockchain’s entire network into smaller fractions, called ‘Shards’. Each of the Shards is made up of its own data, independent but can still communicate with other Shards.
The Sharding technique allows the network to increase the overall scalability of the blockchain, allowing more users to access and interact with the network at any given time.